Gold ring adorned with 18 princess rubies and 4 round diamonds

Diamond : In mineralogy, diamond is an extremely rare, precious and hard (named after the ancient Greek "unbreakable") metastable allotrope of carbon, where the carbon atoms are arranged in a variation of the face-centered cubic crystal structure called a diamond lattice.
Gold : Because of the softness of pure gold, it is alloyed with silver, copper or palladium. The proportion of these other metals give yellow, white gold. Without precision, the gold used in jewelry is 18 K, corresponding to 75% pure gold.
Carat : The carat (ct) is a unit of mass equal to 2 g. Carat is used for measuring the weight of gemstones.